Cucumber

ByОлена Коновалова
CUCUMBER
      Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is characterized by an exceptional concentration of the carotenoids lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin (383.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), vitamin K (phylloquinone) (13.7%), and significant mineral levels: silicon (177.0% DV per 100 g), silver (85.7%), and cobalt (10.0%). It is further distinguished by its phytosterol content, specifically beta-sitosterol (26.0% DV). Sucrose (0.1 g per 100 g) and starch (0.1 g per 100 g) are present only in trace amounts.
     The total purine base content per 100 g constitutes 2.0% of the daily allowance.
     The concentration of oxalic acid per 100 g is negligible (1 mg), representing 0.3% of the maximum tolerable daily intake (for further details, see Rhubarb).

Consequently, the pharmacological and nutritional value of cucumber is determined by high concentrations of the following bioactive compounds:

  • Carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin): These xanthophylls accumulate within ocular tissues, providing essential photoprotection for the retina and supporting visual acuity;
  • Beta-sitosterol: This phytosterol inhibits the enteral absorption of cholesterol, thereby reducing serum cholesterol levels. Due to its structural homology with cholesterol, it competitively binds with bile salts and fatty acids within the jejunum, facilitating the excretion of cholesterol and potentially mitigating androgenetic alopecia (hair loss) in males;
  • The ultratrace element silver, which is relatively rare in botanical sources.
Caloric content per 100 g: 14 kcal
Water in 100 g: 95 g
Ash from 100 g: 0.5 g

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
 
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually*
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.002-0.026 mg 1.5% 0
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.012-0.027 mg 1.6% 0
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 0.27-0.30 mg 5% 5
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 0.015-0.051 mg 2% 5
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 4.0-26.0 µg 3.8% 5
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 0.0 µg 0% 0
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 10.0-13.7 mg 12% 10
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.100-0.220 mg 1.1% 0
Beta-tocopherol 0.01 mg 0.07% 0
Gamma-tocopherol 0.03 mg 0.20% 0
Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) 0.0 µg 0% 0
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) 0.120-0.210 mg 2% 5
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 16.4 µg 13.7% 20
Biotin 0.4-0.9 µg 2% 5
Beta-carotene 23-92 µg  1% 0
Lutein + zeaxanthin 23 mg 383% 10010010080
Lycopene 0 µg 0% 0
Choline 6 mg 1.2% 0
Methylmethionine sulfonium (vitamin U) 0.12 mg 0.06% 0

* Full jug – 100% daily norm; empty – 0-1% daily norm.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Macroelements

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Potassium 84.0-202.0 mg 6% 10
Calcium 11.0-35.0 mg 2% 5
Silicon 53 mg 177% 10080
Magnesium 6.22-14.0 mg 3.5% 5
Sodium 4.7-20.0 mg 1% 0
Sulfur 0 mg 0% 0
Phosphorus 16.8-42.0 mg 3.5% 5
Chlorine 25 mg 1% 0

Microelements and ultramicroelements

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Aluminum 425 µg 1.1% 0
Boron 1.5 µg 2.1% 5
Vanadium No data
Iron 0.09-0.60 mg 3% 5
Iodine 0.1-3.0 µg 1% 0
Cobalt 1 µg 10% 10
Lithium No data
Manganese 60.0-180.0 µg 7% 10
Copper 10.0-100.0 µg 6% 10
Molybdenum 1 µg 1% 0
Nickel 0.010-2.60 µg 1% 5
Rubidium No data
Selenium 0.3 µg 0.5% 0
Silver 6 µg 85.7% 90
Fluorine 17 µg 0.4% 0
Chromium 1.7-6.0 µg 8% 10
Zinc 129-220 µg 1.5% 0

 

PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total protein content 0.5-0.9 g 1% 0
Content of essential amino acids 0.146-0.200 g 0.8% 0
Content of non-essential amino acids 0.306-0.460 g 0.7% 0

 

Essential amino acids

 

Name of the acid Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Valine 0.022-0.030 2% 5
Histidine 0.008-0.010 1% 0
Isoleucine 0.018-0.020 1% 0
Leucine 0.028-0.030 1% 0
Lysine 0.023-0.030 1% 0
Methionine 0.009-0.010 0.6% 0
Threonine 0.016-0.020 1% 0
Tryptophan 0.005-0.010 3% 5
Phenylalanine 0.017-0.040 1% 0

 

Non-essential amino acids

 

Name of the acid Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Alanine 0.023-0.030 0.4% 0
Arginine 0.028-0.050 0.7% 0
Aspartic acid 0.040-0.050  0.4% 0
Glycine 0.025-0.030 0.8% 0
Glutamic acid 0.140-0.220 1.4% 0
Proline 0.013-0.020 0.4% 0
Serine 0.025-0.030 0.3% 0
Tyrosine 0.010-0.020 0.5% 0
Cystine 0.002-0.010  0.4% 0



FATS AND FATTY ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total fat content 0.1 g 0.1% 0
Content of unsaturated fatty acids 0.047 g  0.1% 0
Content of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids 0.021 g 2.1% 5
Content of omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids 0.023 g  0.2% 0
Content of saturated fatty acids 0.033 g 0.1% 0

 

Unsaturated fatty acids

 

Name of the acid Content, g per 100 g of product
Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) 0.0 g
Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) 0.003 g
Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) 0.023 g
Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) 0.021 g
Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) 0.0 g
Arachidonic C 20:4 (omega-6) 0.0 g
Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Erucic C 22:1 (omega-9) 0.0 g
Clupanodonic C 22:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Nervonic C 24:1 (omega-9) 0.0 g

 

Saturated fatty acids

 

Name of the acid Content, g per 100 g of product
Myristic C 14:0 0.001 g
Palmitic C 16:0 0.029 g
Stearic C 18:0 0.003 g
Arachidic C 20:0 0.0 g
Behenic C 22:0 0.0 g
Lignoceric C 24:0 0.0 g

 

Sterols

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Beta-sitosterol 14 mg 26% 30
Cholesterol 0.0 mg 0% –

 

CARBOHYDRATES

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total carbohydrate content 1.0-3.5 g 0.8% 0
Mono- and disaccharides 2.4 g 4.8% 5
Glucose 0.31-1.30 g 7.5% 10
Fructose 0.71-1.10 g 2.6% 5
Galactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Sucrose 0.1 g – –
Lactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Starch 0.1 g –  –
Maltose 0.0 g – –
Fiber 0.5-1.1 g 5%  5

PURINE BASES

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total purine content 2 mg 2% 5

Units of measurement:
Piece: about 100.0 g
Tea glass: 250.0 g
Faceted glass: 200.0 g
Teaspoon: 7.0 g
Tablespoon: 20.0 g

Similar Posts

  • Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)

    ByОлена Коновалова

    CAULIFLOWER         Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) is characterized by an exceptional concentration of ascorbic acid (100.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), folate (41.0%), pantothenic acid (18.0%), and vitamin K (phylloquinone) (13.0%). Its mineral profile is notably rich in: boron (714.0% DV per 100 g), silicon (73.0%), and molybdenum (12.0%). Furthermore,…

  • Mulberry

    ByОлена Коновалова

    BLACK MULBERRY      The fruits of the black mulberry (Morus nigra) exhibit a relatively limited vitamin profile, with the exception of ascorbic acid (52.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g). However, they are characterized by a notably balanced mineral profile, among which the predominant constituents are: silicon (33.3% DV per 100 g), boron…

  • Energovital

    ByОлена Коновалова

    Biologically active supplements developed by Professor N.P. Maksutina Energovital       Granules. Composition: dry burdock root, fresh ginseng root, quercetin (modulated), large plantain flowers, pectin, glucose, ascorbic acid, citric acid.    Contains triterpene saponins (panaxosides), polyacetylenes, lignans, inulin-type fructans, pectins, organic acids, flavonoids, mucilage, phenolic and sulfur-containing compounds, vitamins C, P, E, K, carotenoids, tannins,…

  • Antioxidants. Searching for the truth

    ByОлена Коновалова

    Antioxidants. Searching for the truth Much has been said and written about antioxidants; the concept is extremely popular and seems to be on everyone’s lips. We are constantly urged to take antioxidants to prevent oxidative stress, which is associated with a huge number of diseases, ranging from arthritis, asthma, and diabetes to Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s…

  • Walnut

    ByОлена Коновалова

    WALNUT        Walnuts, like all nuts, are a very high-calorie product. Their seeds (nuts) are characterized by a fairly high content of a number of minerals, vitamins, proteins, unsaturated fatty acids (especially polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, in particular alpha-linolenic acid), as well as phytosterols.      Walnuts are rich in gamma-tocopherol (100 g…