Grapefruit

ByОлена Коновалова
GRAPEFRUIT
     Grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is distinguished by its concentration of ascorbic acid (37.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g). Pink and red cultivars are further characterized by a significant concentration of beta-carotene (12.0%) and the carotenoid lycopene (26.0%). The mineral profile exhibits a high concentration of boron (321.0% DV per 100 g), silicon (133.0%), and rubidium (63.0%), and contains substantial quantities of vanadium (10.0%) and cobalt (10.0%).
     The nutritional matrix is rich in total phytosterols (31.0% DV) and mono- and disaccharides (13.0%), within which glucose serves as the primary sugar (20.0% DV). Starch is absent from the composition, while sucrose is present in significant quantities (2.0 g per 100 g).
     The total purine base content per 100 g constitutes 6.7% of the daily allowance.
     Grapefruit contains the flavanones naringin and naringenin, as well as the furanocoumarin bergapten, which significantly modulate estrogen metabolism. Disruption of these metabolic pathways is clinically associated with an increased risk of mammary neoplasia in women. Detailed toxicological and pharmacological analysis can be found on the page: “Grapefruit – a danger to women?“.
Calories per 100 g: 33 kcal
Water per 100 g: 90.48 g
Ash per 100 g: 0.33 g

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
 
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers visually*
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.04 3 5
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.02 1 0
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 0.28 6 5
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 0.04 2 5
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 10.0 3 5
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 0.0 0 0
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 33.3 mg 37 40
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.13 mg 1 0
Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) 0.0 mcg 0 0
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) 0.39 mg 2 5
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 0.0 0 0
Biotin 1.0 2 5
Beta-carotene 14.0-21.0 mcg (white)
552.0-686.0 mcg (pink)		 0.4% (white)
12% (pink)		 0and 10
white pink
Alpha-carotene 4.0-8.0 μg 0.1 0
Lutein + zeaxanthin 5.0-10.0 μg 0.1 0
Beta-cryptoxanthin 3.0-6.0 0.1  0
Lycopene 0.0 mcg (white)
1135.0-1419.0 mcg (pink)		 0% (white)
26% (pink)		 0and 30
white pink
Choline 7.7 mg 2 5
Methylmethionine sulfonium (vitamin U) 0 0  0
Betaine trimethylglycine 0.1 0.01 0

* Full jug – 100% of the daily norm; empty – 0-1% of the daily norm.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Macroelements

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Potassium 148.0-184.0 mg 6.4 10
Calcium 12.0-23.0 mg 1.5 0
Silicon 40.0 mg 133 10030
Magnesium 9.0 2 5
Sodium 13.0 mg 1 0
Sulfur 9.0 mg 1 0
Phosphorus 8.0-18.0 mg 1.6 0
Chlorine 3.0 mg 0.1 0

Trace elements and ultra-trace elements

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Aluminum 110.0 μg 0.3 0
Boron 204.0-245.0 μg 321 10010010020
Vanadium 4.0 10 10
Iron 0.08-0.19 mg 0.9 0
Iodine 2.0 1.3 0
Cobalt 1.0 10 10
Lithium 3.3 3.3 5
Manganese 10.0-55.0 μg 1.5 0
Copper 30.0-51.0 μg 4.2 5
Molybdenum 6.0 8.6 10
Arsenic 0.02 0.2 0
Nickel 3.1 2.1 5
Tin 3.0 0.2 0
Rubidium 63.0 μg 63 60
Lead 0.04 0.4 0
Selenium 0.1-1.4 μg 1.4 0
Strontium 10.0 1.3 5
Thallium 0.05 2.5 5
Fluorine 17.0 μg 0.4 0
Chromium 0.1 0.2 0
Zinc 45.0-100.0 mcg 0.5 5

 

PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Total protein content 0.69 g 1 0
Essential amino acid content 0.14 g 0.6 0
Content of replaceable amino acids 0.52 0.9 0

 

Essential amino acids

 

Name of acid Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Valine 0.01 1 0
Histidine 0.01 g 1 0
Isoleucine 0.01 g 1 0
Leucine 0.01 g 0.2 0
Lysine 0.02 1 0
Methionine 0.01 g 1 0
Threonine 0.01 g 1 0
Tryptophan 0.01 g 3 5
Phenylalanine 0.05 g 2 5

 

Non-essential amino acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Alanine 0.02 0.3 0
Arginine 0.08 g 1.3 0
Aspartic acid 0.12 1.0 0
Glycine 0.01 g 0.3 0
Glutamic acid 0.18 1.3 0
Proline 0.06 g 1.3 0
Serine 0.03 g 0.4 0
Tyrosine 0.01 g 0.3 0
Cystine 0.01 g 0.6 0



FATS AND FATTY ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers Visually
Total fat content 0.1 0.1 0
Unsaturated fatty acid content 0.164 g 0.4 0
Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid content 0.024 g 2.4 5
Omega-6 unsaturated fatty acid content 0.086 g 0.9 0
Saturated fatty acid content 0.076 g 0.3 0

 

Unsaturated fatty acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product
Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) 0.006 g
Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) 0.048
Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) 0.086 g
Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) 0.024
Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) 0.0
Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) 0.0
Arachidonic C 20:4 (omega-6) 0.0
Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) 0.0
Erucic acid C 22:1 (omega-9) 0.0
Clupanoid C 22:5 (omega-3) 0.0
Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) 0.0
Nervon C 24:1 (omega-9) 0.0

 

Saturated fatty acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product
Lauric C 12:0 0.0
Myristic C 14:0 0.0
Palmitic acid C 16:0 0.067 g
Stearic acid C 18:0 0.009 g
Arachidic C 20:0 0.0
Behenic C 22:0 0.0
Lignoceric acid C 24:0 0.0

 

Sterols

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers Visually
Total phytosterols 17.0 mg 31 30
Campesterol No data
Beta-sitosterol No data
Stigmasterol No data
Cholesterol 0.0 mg 0 –

 

CARBOHYDRATES

 

Name Content per 100 g of product % of Daily Value (DV)
Numerical Visual
Total Carbohydrates 8.41 g 3% 5
Mono- and Disaccharides 6.5 g 13% 10
Glucose 2.0 g 20% 20
Fructose 1.0 g 2.9% 5
Galactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Sucrose 2.0 g – –
Lactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Starch 0.0 g –  –
Maltose 0.0 g – –
Dietary Fiber 1.1 g 6% 5
PURINE BASES
Name Content per 100 g of product % of Daily Value (DV)
Numerical Visual
Total Purines 8 mg 6.7% 5

Units of measurement:
Medium fruit (peeled): 130.0 g
Standard cup: 250.0 g
Faceted glass: 200.0 g
Teaspoon: 7.0 g
Tablespoon: 20.0 g

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