Beetroot
BEETROOT
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) exhibits a relatively low vitamin concentration, with the primary exceptions of ascorbic acid (11.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g) and betaine (13.0%). Conversely, it is exceptionally rich in mineral elements: rubidium (453.0% DV per 100 g), boron (400.0%), silicon (263.0%), vanadium (175.0%), lithium (60.0%), chromium (40.0%), manganese (33.0%), cobalt (23.0%), copper (14.0%), molybdenum (14.0%), potassium (12.0%), iron (10.6%), and calcium (10.1%). The nutritional profile is further characterized by phytosterols (45.0% DV), mono- and disaccharides (17.4%), dietary fiber (13.0%), and pectin (19.0%). It contains a significant quantity of sucrose (8.6 g per 100 g) and trace amounts of starch (0.1 g per 100 g).
Beetroot contains a substantial concentration of the toxic ultratrace element thallium (35.0% DV per 100 g) and possesses the capacity to bioaccumulate strontium.
The total purine base content per 100 g constitutes 6.7% of the daily allowance, a factor that should be monitored in clinical cases of gout.
Beetroot, alongside spicy pepper, is among the few dietary plants containing steroidal saponins. It contains protodioscin and its glycosidic derivatives, which are metabolized in the human organism into dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), frequently termed the “youth hormone.” In the human body, DHEA enhances testosterone levels, exerts immunomodulatory effects, supports cell membrane integrity, and modulates cholesterol levels (for further details, see Spicy Peppers).
Simultaneously, beetroot is characterized by a high concentration of oxalic acid: 500–600 mg per 100 g (representing 137.5% of the maximum tolerable daily intake). The subsequent formation of oxalates may predispose individuals to nephrolithiasis (kidney stones) and exacerbate gout or rheumatoid arthritis (for further details, see Rhubarb).
Calories per 100 g: 39-42 kcal
Water per 100 g: 86 g
Ash per 100 g: 1 g
Water per 100 g: 86 g
Ash per 100 g: 1 g
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | visually* | ||
| Vitamin B1 (thiamine) | 0.02 | 1 |  |
| Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) | 0.04 | 2 |  |
| Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) | 0.12 | 2 | |
| Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) | 0.07 | 4 | |
| Vitamin B9 (folic acid) | 13 | 3 | |
| Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) | 10 | 11 |  |
| Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) | 0 | 1 | |
| Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) | 0 | 2 | |
| Vitamin K (phylloquinone) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Biotin | 0.2 | 0.4 | |
| Beta-carotene | 6-10 | 0.2 | |
| Lutein + zeaxanthin | 0 | 0 | |
| Choline | 6 | 1 | |
| Methylmethionine sulfonium (vitamin U) | 14.6 | 7 | |
| Betaine | 128.7 | 13 |  |
* Full jug – 100% of the daily norm; empty – 0-1% of the daily norm.
MINERAL ELEMENTS
Macroelements
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Potassium | 288.0 mg | 12 | |
| Calcium | 37.0-163.0 mg | 10.1 | |
| Silicon | 79.0 mg | 263 |   |
| Magnesium | 22 | 6 | |
| Sodium | 46.0-92.0 mg | 7 | |
| Sulfur | 7 | 0.7 | |
| Phosphorus | 43.0 mg | 5 | |
| Chlorine | 43.0 mg | 2 | |
Micro- and ultramicroelements
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Aluminum | 26.9 μg | 0.07 | |
| Boron | 280.0 | 40 | |
| Vanadium | 70.1 | 175 |  |
| Iron | 1.4-1.8 mg | 10.6 | |
| Iodine | 7.0-17.0 mcg | 8.5 | |
| Cobalt | 2.3 | 2 | |
| Lithium | 60.0 | 6 | |
| Manganese | 660.0 | 3 |  |
| Copper | 140.0 | 14 | |
| Molybdenum | 10 | 14 | |
| Nickel | 14.0 | 9 | |
| Tin | 0.08 | 0.004 | |
| Rubidium | 453.0 | 453 |  |
| Selenium | 0.7 | 1 | |
| Strontium | 8.4 | 1 | |
| Thallium | 0.7 | 35 |  |
| Fluorine | 20.0 | 1 | |
| Chromium | 20.0 | 40 | |
| Zinc | 430 | 4 | |
PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | visually | ||
| Total protein content | 1.5 | 3 | |
| Essential amino acid content | 0.46 | 2 | |
| Content of replaceable amino acids | 0.89 | 1.6 | |
Essential amino acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| In numbers | Visually | ||
| Valine | 0.05 | 3 | |
| Histidine | 0.01 | 1 | |
| Isoleucine | 0.06 | 4 | |
| Leucine | 0.07 | 2 | |
| Lysine | 0.09 | 3 | |
| Methionine | 0.02 | 1 | |
| Threonine | 0.05 | 3 | |
| Tryptophan | 0.01 | 3 | |
| Phenylalanine | 0.1 | 4 | |
Non-essential amino acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Alanine | 0.04 | 0.8 | |
| Arginine | 0.07 | 1.1 | |
| Aspartic acid | 0.33 | 2.7 | |
| Glycine | 0.04 | 1.1 | |
| Glutamic acid | 0.2 | 2 | |
| Proline | 0.05 | 1.1 | |
| Serine | 0.06 | 0.7 | |
| Tyrosine | 0.05 | 1.7 | |
| Cystine | 0.02 | 1.1 | |
FATS AND FATTY ACIDS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total fat content | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Unsaturated fatty acid content | 0.153 | 0 | |
| Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid content | 0.021 | 2 | |
| Omega-6 unsaturated fatty acid content | 0.105 | 1 | |
| Saturated fatty acid content | 0.048 | 0 | |
Unsaturated fatty acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product |
| Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) | 0 |
| Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) | 0.0 |
| Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) | 0.1 |
| Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) | 0.02 |
| Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) | 0 |
| Arachidic C 20:4 (omega-6) | 0 |
| Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Erucic acid C 22:1 (omega-9) | 0 |
| Clupanoid C 22:5 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Nervonova C 24:1 (omega-9) | 0 |
Saturated fatty acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product |
| Myristic C 14:0 | 0 |
| Palmitic C 16:0 | 0.0 |
| Stearic C 18:0 | 0.002 g |
| Arachidic C 20:0 | 0 |
| Behenic C 22:0 | 0 |
| Lignoceric acid C 24:0 | 0 |
Sterols
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total phytosterols | 25 | 45 | |
| Cholesterol | 0.0 mg | 0 | – |
CARBOHYDRATES
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total carbohydrate content | 11.3 | 4 | |
| Mono- and disaccharides | 8.7 | 17 | |
| Glucose | 0 | 3 | |
| Fructose | 0.1 | 0.3 | |
| Galactose | 0 | 0 | |
| Sucrose | 8.6 | – | – |
| Lactose | 0 | 0 | |
| Starch | 0.1 | – | – |
| Maltose | 0 | – | – |
| Fiber | 2.5 | 13 | |
| Pectin | 0.5-1.4 g | 19 | |
PURINE BASES
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Purine content | 8 | 6.7 | |
Units of measurement:
Piece: approx. 125.0 g
Teacup: 250.0 g
Faceted glass: 200.0 g
Teaspoon: 7.0 g
Tablespoon: 20.0 g