Honey mushrooms

ByОлена Коновалова
HONEY MUSHROOMS
    Honey mushrooms (Armillaria spp.) are characterized by a robust vitamin profile, containing significant levels of: nicotinic acid (52.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), pantothenic acid (27.0%), riboflavin (21.0%), and beta-carotene (10.0%). Their mineral profile is notable for: silver (57.1% DV per 100 g), nickel (31.4%), chromium (31.3%), aluminum (20.6%), potassium (16.0%), and copper (15.5%). Furthermore, honey mushrooms exhibit a capacity for the bioaccumulation of toxic ultratrace elements, specifically cadmium (64.8% DV per 100 g), lead (23.0%), and cesium (14.3%). Starch and sucrose are absent from their composition.
     The content of purine bases and oxalic acid in oyster mushrooms is low, amounting to 6.7% and 5.2% of the daily norm for the human body in 100 g, respectively.

Caloric content per 100 g: 21.5 kcal
Water in 100 g: 90.0 g
Ash from 100 g: 1.0 g

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
 
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually*
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.02 mg 1.0% 0
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.2-0.38 mg 21% 20
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 1.35 mg 27% 30
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 0.1 mg 3.5% 5
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 48.0 µg 12% 10
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 11.0 mg 15.7% 20
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.1 mg 0.67% 0
Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) 0.1 µg 1% 0
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) 10.3 mg 52% 50
Beta-carotene 500.0 µg 10.0% 10
Lycopene 62.1 µg 1.2% 0

* Full jug – 100% of the daily norm; empty – 0-1% of the daily norm.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Macroelements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Potassium 400.0 mg 16.0% 20
Calcium 5.0 mg 1.0% 0
Silicon 1.0 mg 3.3% 5
Magnesium 12.7-20.0 mg 4.1% 5
Sodium 5.0 mg 0.5% 0
Sulfur 10.0-60.0 mg 3.5% 5
Phosphorus 45.0 mg 6.0% 5
Chlorine 5.7 mg 0.2% 0

 

Microelements and ultratrace elements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Aluminum 7739.0 µg 20.6% 20
Boron 2.4 µg 3.4% 5
Bromine 4.0 µg 0.2% 0
Vanadium 0.5 µg 1.3% 0
Iron 0.8-1.15 mg 4.8% 5
Iodine 1.8 µg 1.2% 0
Cadmium 3.24 µg 64.8% 60
Cobalt 0.0-0.9 µg 4.5% 5
Lithium 1.4 µg 1.4% 0
Manganese 75.0 µg 3.8% 5
Copper 85.0-224.9 µg 15.5% 20
Molybdenum 1.0 µg 1.4% 0
Arsenic 0.5 µg 4.2% 5
Nickel 47.1 µg 31.4% 30
Rubidium 0.28 µg 0.3% 0
Lead 2.3 µg 23.0% 20
Selenium 2.2-2.7 µg 3.9% 5
Silver 4.0 µg 57.1% 60
Chromium 5.5-25.8 31.3% 30
Cesium 0.04 µg 14.3% 10
Zinc 650.0-1472.5 µg 8.8% 10

 

PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total protein content 2.2-2.66 g 4.1% 5
Content of essential amino acids 0.98 g 4.5% 5
Content of non-essential amino acids 1.29 g 2.3% 5

 

Essential Amino Acids

 

Acid Name Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Valine 0.23 6.6% 5
Histidine 0.07 3.3% 5
Isoleucine 0.09 4.5% 5
Leucine 0.13 2.4% 5
Lysine 0.13 3.2% 5
Methionine 0.03 1.0% 0
Threonine 0.11 4.6% 5
Tryptophan 0.04 3.7% 5
Phenylalanine 0.15 3.4% 5

 

Non-Essential Amino Acids

 

Acid Name Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Alanine 0.19 3.0% 5
Arginine 0.11 1.8% 0
Aspartic acid 0.19 1.5% 0
Glycine 0.11 3.1% 5
Glutamic acid 0.38 2.6% 5
Proline 0.06 1.3% 0
Serine 0.09 1.1% 0
Tyrosine 0.14 3.2% 5
Cystine 0.02 1.1% 0

 

OTHER NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Betaine 1.4 mg – –

 

FATS AND FATTY ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total fat content 1.2 g 2% 0
Content of unsaturated fatty acids 1.008-1.049 g 2.5% 5
Content of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids 0.0 g 0.0% 0
Content of omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids 0.310-0.351 g 3.3% 5
Content of saturated fatty acids 0.216 g 0.9% 0

 

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

 

Acid Name Content, g per 100 g of product
Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) 0.081 g
Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) 0.606 g
Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) 0.310-0.351 g
Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) traces
Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) 0.001 g
Arachidonic C 20:4 (omega-6) 0.0 g
Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Erucic C 22:1 (omega-9) 0.0 g
Clupanodonic C 22:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Nervonic C 24:1 (omega-9) 0.010 g

 

Saturated Fatty Acids

 

Acid Name Content, g per 100 g of product
Caprylic C 8:0 0.001 g
Capric C 10:0 0.001 g
Lauric C 12:0 0.008 g
Myristic C 14:0 0.007 g
Palmitic C 16:0 0.140 g
Stearic C 18:0 0.044 g
Arachidic C 20:0 0.002 g
Behenic C 22:0 0.003 g
Lignoceric C 24:0 0.010 g

 

Sterols

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Ergosterol 0.56 mg 1.1% 0
Ergosterol peroxide 0.01 mg – –
6.9-Epoxy-ergosta-7,22-dien-3-beta-ol 0.01 mg – –
Cholesterol 0.0 mg 0% –

 

CARBOHYDRATES

 

Name Content per 100 g of product % of Daily Value (DV)
Numerical Visual
Total Carbohydrates 5.6-7.8 g 2.1% 0
Mono- and Disaccharides 0.5 g 1% 0
Glucose 0.22 g 2.2% 0
Fructose 0.17 g 0.48% 0
Arabinose 0.078 g – –
Mannitol 0.545 g – –
Trehalose 0.933 g – –
Sucrose 0 g – –
Starch 0 g – –
Dietary Fiber 5.1 g 26% 30
PURINE BASES
Name Content per 100 g of product % of Daily Value (DV)
Numerical Visual
Total Purines 5.2 mg 6.7% 10
OXALIC ACID
Name Content per 100 g of product % of Tolerable Upper Intake Level
Numerical Visual
Oxalic acid content 14.0 mg 5.2% 5
OTHER ORGANIC ACIDS

 

Compound Name Content, mg per 100 g
Malic acid 137.7
Citric acid 179.3
Quinic acid 82.4
Fumaric acid 27.1
Phenolic acids
Protocatechuic acid 0.02
Hydroxycinnamic acids
Sinapic acid 0.04
 

Units of measurement:
Standard cup: 250.0 g
Faceted glass: 200.0 g
Teaspoon: 7.0 g
Tablespoon: 20.0 g

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