Cedar nut
CEDAR NUT
Cedar nuts, like all nuts, are a very high-calorie product. Its seeds (nuts) are characterized by a fairly high content of a number of vitamins, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids (especially polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acids, in particular linoleic acid), as well as phytosterols.
Cedar nuts are rich in gamma-tocopherol (74.3% of the daily requirement in 100 g), alpha-tocopherol (62.2%), vitamin K (phylloquinone) (44.9%), nicotinic acid (vitamin PP) (24.6%), vitamin B1 (thiamine) (22.2%), biotin (20.0%), vitamin B2 (riboflavin) (11.3%), and choline (11.2%).
The mineral composition is dominated by: manganese (447.3%), vanadium (232.5%), boron (214.3%), cobalt (211.0%), silicon (166.7%), copper (134.5%), zirconium (102.8%), phosphorus (72.5%), silver (70.7%), magnesium (63.8%), zinc (52.6%), rubidium (44.0%), iron (36.2%), molybdenum (35.7%), chromium (35.4%), potassium (24.3%), sulfur (15.0%), selenium (10.4%).
Cedar nuts contain proteins (17.1%), which include essential and non-essential amino acids (20.0% and 18.1% of the daily requirement per 100 g, respectively). Valine (27.6%) and isoleucine (27.0%) predominate among the essential amino acids; arginine (39.5%) predominates among the non-essential amino acids.
However, pine nuts are particularly notable for their content of unsaturated fatty acids (128.9%), especially polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acids (349.8%, namely linoleic acid).
The content of unsaturated eicosanoids (= fatty acids containing 20 carbon atoms; from the Greek "είкоси" (eikos) – 20) in pine nuts is very interesting, as eicosanoids are synthesized in the human body as paracrine hormones. Paracrine hormones are "local action" hormones that control virtually all metabolic processes – vascular tone, blood pressure, and the condition of the bronchi, intestines, and uterus.
The eicosanoids contained in pine nuts are: gadolenic (eicosenoic) acid 20:1, omega-11 (0.870 g); eicosadienoic acid C 20:2, omega-6 (0.404 g) and eicosatrienoic acid C 20:3, omega-3 (0.350 g). These acids are extremely rare in plants and are valuable as potential sources of mediators of metabolic reactions – eicosanoids.
Pine nuts are also characterized by a high content of phytosterols (256.4% of the daily norm in 100 g), the main part of which is beta-sitosterol (330.0%), which allows pine nuts to be classified as a women's product (for more details, see Avocado).
Pine nuts contain fiber (14.8%), starch (1.43 g per 100 g), and a fairly large amount of sucrose (3.45 g).
The content of purine bases in 100 g is 10.0% of the daily norm.
The oxalic acid content in 100 g is 198 mg, which is 49.5% of the maximum permissible daily intake (for more details, see Rhubarb).
Calories per 100 g: 673 kcal
Water per 100 g: 2.28 g
Ash per 100 g: 2.59 g
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | visually | ||
| Vitamin B1 (thiamine) | 0.220-0.535 mg | 22.2 |  |
| Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) | 0.201-0.249 mg | 11.3 |  |
| Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) | 0.288-0.359 mg | 6.5 |  |
| Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) | 0.057-0.134 mg | 4.8 | |
| Vitamin B9 (folic acid) | 31.0-36.0 mcg | 8.4 | |
| Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) | 0.0 | 0 |  |
| Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) | 0.8 | 1 | |
| Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) | 9.3 | 62 |  |
| Beta-tocopherol | 0 | 0 | |
| Gamma-tocopherol | 11.15 | 74 |  |
| Delta-tocopherol | 0 | 0 | |
| Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) | 4.01-5.84 mg | 24.6 |  |
| Vitamin K (phylloquinone) | 53.9 | 44.9 |  |
| Biotin | 10.0 | 20 | |
| Beta-carotene | 17.0 | 0 | |
| Alpha-carotene | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Lutein + zeaxanthin | 9.0 | 0.2 | |
| Beta-cryptoxanthin | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Lycopene | 0.0 | 0 | |
| Choline | 55.8 | 11.2 | |
| Methylmethionine sulfonium (vitamin U) | 0 | 0 | |
| Betaine trimethylglycine | 0 | 0.0 | |
* Full jug – 100% of the daily norm; empty – 0-1% of the daily norm.
MINERAL ELEMENTS
Macroelements
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Potassium | 518.0-696.0 mg | 24.3 | |
| Calcium | 14.0-23.0 mg | 1.6 | |
| Silicon | 50.0 mg | 166.7 |  |
| Magnesium | 236.0-263.0 mg | 63.8 | |
| Sodium | 2 | 0 | |
| Sulfur | 150.0 mg | 15 | |
| Phosphorus | 530.0-630.0 mg | 72.5 | |
| Chlorine | 41 | 1.8 | |
Microelements and ultramicroelements
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Aluminum | 1500.0 μg | 4.0 | |
| Boron | 150.0 | 214.3 | |
| Vanadium | 93.0 | 232.5 | |
| Iron | 4.89-6.00 mg | 36.2 | |
| Iodine | 2.0-25.0 mcg | 8.3 | |
| Cobalt | 21.1 | 211.0 | |
| Lithium | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Manganese | 7590.0-10300.0 μg | 447.3 |  |
| Copper | 1260.0-1430.0 μg | 134.5 | |
| Molybdenum | 25.0 | 35.7 | |
| Arsenic | 0.63 | 5.3 | |
| Nickel | 4.6-7.3 μg | 4.0 | |
| Tin | 35.0 | 1.8 | |
| Rubidium | 44.0 | 44.0 | |
| Lead | 0.01 | 0.1 | |
| Selenium | 0.5-13.0 μg | 10.4 | |
| Silver | 2.8-7.1 μg | 70.7 | |
| Strontium | 17.0 | 2.1 | |
| Thallium | 0.05 | 2.5 | |
| Titanium | 45.0 | 5.3 | |
| Fluorine | 50.0 | 1.3 | |
| Chromium | 17.7 | 35.4 | |
| Zinc | 5850.0-6770.0 μg | 52.6 | |
| Zirconium | 51.4 | 102.8 | |
PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | visually | ||
| Total protein content | 13.69 | 17.1 | |
| Essential amino acid content | 4.36 | 20 | |
| Content of replaceable amino acids | 10.32 | 18.1 | |
Essential amino acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Valine | 0.690 g | 27.6 | |
| Histidine | 0.340 g | 16.2 | |
| Isoleucine | 0.540 g | 27.0 | |
| Leucine | 0.990 g | 21.5 | |
| Lysine | 0.540 g | 13.2 | |
| Methionine | 0.260 g | 14.4 | |
| Threonine | 0.370 g | 15.4 | |
| Tryptophan | 0.110 g | 11.0 | |
| Phenylalanine | 0.520 g | 17.3 | |
Non-essential amino acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Alanine | 0.680 g | 10.3 | |
| Arginine | 2.410 g | 39.5 | |
| Aspartic acid | 1.300 g | 10.7 | |
| Glycine | 0.690 g | 19.7 | |
| Glutamic acid | 2.930 g | 21.5 | |
| Proline | 0.670 g | 14.9 | |
| Serine | 0.840 g | 10.1 | |
| Tyrosine | 0.510 g | 17.0 | |
| Cystine | 0.290 g | 16.1 | |
FATS AND FATTY ACIDS
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily allowance | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total fat content | 68.37 | 68.4 | |
| Unsaturated fatty acid content | 52.83 | 128.9 | |
| Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid content | 0.510-0.528 g | 51.9 | |
| Omega-6 unsaturated fatty acid content | 33.554-36.404 g | 349.8 | |
| Saturated fatty acid content | 7.9 | 31.9 | |
Unsaturated fatty acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product |
| Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) | 0.018 |
| Heptadecamonoenoic C 17:1 (omega-9) | 0 |
| Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) | 17.950-19.500 g |
| Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) | 33.150-36.000 g |
| Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) | 0.160-0.178 g |
| Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) | 0.87 |
| Eicosadienoic C 20:2 (omega-6) | 0.4 |
| Eicosatrienoic C 20:3 (omega-3) | 0.350 |
| Arachidonic C 20:4 (omega-6) | 0 |
| Eicosapentaenoic acid C 20:5 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Erucic acid C 22:1 (omega-9) | 0 |
| Clupanoid C 22:5 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) | 0 |
| Nervonova C 24:1 (omega-9) | 0 |
Saturated fatty acids
| Acid name | Content, g per 100 g of product |
| Caprylic 8:0 | 0 |
| Capric 10:0 | 0 |
| Lauric C 12:0 | 0 |
| Myristinic acid C 14:0 | 0 |
| Pentadecanoic acid 15:0 | 0.0 |
| Palmitic acid C 16:0 | 3.210-3.490 g |
| Margarine C 17:0 | 0 |
| Stearic C 18:0 | 1.390-1.510 g |
| Arachidic C 20:0 | 0.230-0.249 g |
| Behenic C 22:0 | 0.074 g |
| Lignoceric C 24:0 | 0 |
Sterols
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total phytosterols | 141.0 | 256.4 | |
| Campesterol | 18.6-20.0 mg | 36.4 | |
| Beta-sitosterol | 109.0-132.0 mg | 330.0 | |
| Stigmasterol | 0 | 0 | |
| Delta-5-avenasterol | 38.2 | 69.5 | |
| Cholesterol | 0 | 0 | – |
CARBOHYDRATES
| Name | Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product | % of daily requirement | |
| in numbers | Visually | ||
| Total carbohydrate content | 13.08 | 3.7 | |
| Mono- and disaccharides | 3.59 | 7.2 | |
| Glucose | 0.07 | 0.7 | |
| Fructose | 0.07 | 0 | |
| Galactose | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Sucrose | 3.45 | – | – |
| Lactose | 0 | 0 | |
| Starch | 1.43 | – | – |
| Maltose | 0 | – | – |
| Fiber | 3.7 | 14.8 | |
| Pectin | 0.15 | 3 | |