Horseradish

ByОлена Коновалова
HORSERADISH
     The storage roots of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) exhibit a high concentration of vitamins, mineral elements (containing nearly all essential macronutrients and 9 micronutrients in significant quantities), essential and non-essential amino acids – specifically arginine (26.2% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g) and proline (11.3%) – omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (26.7%, with alpha-linolenic acid [18:3] as the primary constituent), phytosterols, and dietary fiber.
     In particular, horseradish is notable for its concentration of ascorbic acid (61.0% DV per 100 g) and pyridoxine (35.0%). Its mineral profile is characterized by significant levels of: silicon (130.0%), rubidium (71.0%), molybdenum (47.0%), potassium (23.0%), copper (23.0%), manganese (22.5%), sulfur (21.0%), nickel (16.7%), phosphorus (16.0%), calcium (12.0%), zinc (11.3%), iron (11.0%), vanadium (10.5%), boron (10.0%), and magnesium (9.8%). The nutritional profile further includes total phytosterols (16.4% DV), mono- and disaccharides (13.0%), and dietary fiber (23.2%). The root contains starch (3.9 g per 100 g) and sucrose (1.1 g per 100 g).
     The total purine base content per 100 g constitutes 3.3% of the daily allowance.
     Notably, horseradish contains the enzyme peroxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of various polyphenols, as well as aliphatic and aromatic amines, utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or organic peroxides as electron acceptors.
     Currently, the anticancer activity of this enzyme is actively studied. In a series of studies conducted in the UK, it was established that horseradish peroxidase can break cancer cells into individual fragments. Furthermore, it is suggested that there are receptors on the surface of leukocytes in cancer patients that are sensitive to horseradish peroxidase, and when horseradish peroxidase molecules bind to these receptors, the activation of killer leukocytes occurs, increasing their activity by four thousand times.
Caloric content per 100 g: 59 kcal
Water in 100 g: 77 g
Ash from 100 g: 1.4 g
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
 
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually*
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.08 mg 5% 5
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.1 mg 6% 5
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 0.093 mg 2% 5
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 0.7 mg 35% 40
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 37 µg 9% 10
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 0.0 µg 0% 0
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 55.0 mg 61% 60
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) 0.1 mg 1%  0
Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) 0.0 µg 0% 0
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) 0.6 mg 3% 5
Vitamin K (phylloquinone) 1.3 µg 2% 5
Biotin 0.0 µg 0% 0
Beta-carotene 13-28 µg 0.4% 0
Lutein + zeaxanthin 10 µg  0.2% 0
Choline 6.5 mg  1.3% 0
Methylmethionine sulfonium (vitamin U) 0 mg 0%  0

* Full pitcher – 100% daily norm; empty – 0-1% daily norm.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Macroelements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Potassium 579.0 mg 23% 30
Calcium 119.0 mg 12% 10
Silicon 39.0  mg 130% 10030
Magnesium 36.0 mg 9.8% 10
Sodium 100.0 mg 8% 10
Sulfur 212.0 mg 21% 20
Phosphorus 70.0-130.0 mg 16% 20
Chlorine 18.8 mg 0.8% 0

 

Microelements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Aluminum 210 µg 0.7% 0
Boron 6.7 µg 10% 10
Vanadium 4.2 µg 10.5% 10
Iron 1.04-2.0 mg 11% 10
Iodine 0.1-1.7 µg 0.8% 0
Cobalt 0.2 µg 2% 5
Lithium 3.2 µg 3.2% 5
Manganese 420.0-490.0 µg 22.5% 30
Copper 220.0-240.0 µg 23% 30
Molybdenum 33.2 µg 47% 50
Nickel 20.0-30.0 µg 16.7% 20
Rubidium 71 µg 71% 70
Selenium 0.1-0.3 µg 0.3% 0
Fluorine 60-110 µg 2.1% 5
Chromium 2.0-4.0 µg 3% 5
Zinc 1300-1400 µg 11.3% 10

 

PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total protein content 3.2 g 5% 5
Content of essential amino acids 1.267 g 5.8% 10
Content of non-essential amino acids  3.642 g 6.4% 5

 

Essential Amino Acids

 

Name of acid Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Valine 0.220 8.8% 10
Histidine 0.140 6.7% 5
Isoleucine 0.150 7.5% 10
Leucine 0.200 4.9% 5
Lysine 0.210 5.1% 5
Methionine 0.038 2.1% 5
Threonine 0.150 6.3% 10
Tryptophan 0.039 3.9% 5
Phenylalanine 0.120  4% 5

 

Non-Essential Amino Acids

 

Name of acid Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Alanine 0.120  1.8% 0
Arginine 1.600 26.2% 30
Aspartic acid 0.370  3.0% 5
Glycine 0.140  4.0% 5
Glutamic acid 0.620 4.6% 5
Proline 0.510 11.3% 10
Serine 0.190  2.3% 5
Tyrosine 0.083 2.8% 5
Cystine 0.009 0.5% 0



FATS AND FATTY ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total fat content 0.4 g 1% 0
Content of unsaturated fatty acids 0.451 g 1.1% 0
Content of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids 0.267 g  26.7% 30
Content of omega-6 unsaturated fatty acids 0.118 g 1.2% 0
Content of saturated fatty acids 0.109 g  0.4% 0

 

Unsaturated Fatty Acids

 

Name of acid Content, g per 100 g of product
Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) 0.005 g
Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) 0.062 g
Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) 0.118 g
Linolenic C 18:3 (omega-3) 0.267 g
Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) 0.0 g
Arachidonic C 20:4 (omega-6) 0.0 g
Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Erucic C 22:1 (omega-9) 0.0 g
Clupanodonic C 22:5 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) 0.0 g
Nervonic C 24:1 (omega-9) 0.0 g

 

Saturated Fatty Acids

 

Name of acid Content, g per 100 g of product
Myristic C 14:0 0.0 g
Palmitic C 16:0 0.100 g
Stearic C 18:0 0.009 g
Arachidic C 20:0 0.0 g
Behenic C 22:0 0.0 g
Lignoceric C 24:0 0.0 g

 

Sterols

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total phytosterols 9.0 mg 16.4% 20
Cholesterol 0.0 mg 0% –

 

CARBOHYDRATES

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Total carbohydrate content 17.8-22.1 g 5.7% 10
Mono- and disaccharides 6.6 g  13% 10
Glucose 0.25 g 2.5% 5
Fructose 1.4 g 4% 5
Galactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Sucrose 1.1 g – –
Lactose 0.0 g 0% 0
Starch 3.9 g –  –
Maltose 0.0 g – –
Fiber 3.3-7.3 g 23.2% 10
PURINE BASES
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily norm
in numbers visually
Content of total purines 4 mg 3.3% 5

Units of measurement:
Piece: about 50.0 g
Tea glass: 250.0 g
Faceted glass: 200.0 g
Teaspoon: 7.0 g
Tablespoon: 20.0 g

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