Microelements for Humans

The concentration of trace elements in the body is small (less than 20 μg). Despite the low need, these elements are part of enzyme systems as coenzymes (activators and catalysts of biochemical processes).
Trace elements include elements whose concentration is 10^–3–10^–5%, the daily intake is 20 μg–20 mg.
The group of MICROELEMENTS includes: aluminum, barium, boron, bromine, vanadium, germanium, iron, iodine, cobalt, lithium, manganese, copper, molybdenum, nickel, tin, selenium, strontium, rubidium, fluorine, chromium, zinc.

• Aluminum is a toxic microelement, and its excess directly leads to senile dementia (Alzheimer’s disease) and/or Parkinson’s disease;
• barium has a pronounced effect on smooth muscles: in small concentrations it relaxes them, in large ones it causes contractions;
• boron helps prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis, strengthens muscles, improves brain function, increases vitality;
• bromine enhances the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system, reduces libido and potency, suppresses the activity of the thyroid gland;
• vanadium is necessary for diabetes, anemia, high blood pressure, in the treatment of tuberculosis, syphilis, rheumatism, with planned weight loss, in sports training;
• germanium is an antioxidant and antihypoxant, stimulates immunity, exhibits anticancer effects, reduces pain;
• iron is involved in the processes of hematopoiesis, oxygen metabolism, in immunobiological and redox reactions;
• iodine is necessary for the functioning of the thyroid gland – with its deficiency, endemic goiter, hypothyroidism, atherosclerosis develop. Children suffer most from iodine deficiency, since the level of mental development of a child largely depends on the iodine content;
• cobalt stimulates hematopoiesis, increases the absorption of iron and the synthesis of hemoglobin, is a part of vitamin B12 and insulin, participates in the formation of thyroid hormones, promotes the excretion of water by the kidneys, is able to selectively suppress the respiration of malignant tumor cells and, thereby, their reproduction;
• lithium prevents the development of neuropsychiatric diseases;
• manganese is involved in the synthesis and metabolism of neurotransmitters in the nervous system; increases the intensity of fat utilization and reduces the level of lipids in the body, which is important both for preventing the development of atherosclerosis and for losing weight; enhances the hypoglycemic effect of insulin; ensures the development of connective tissue, cartilage and bones; participates in ensuring full reproductive function;
• copper participates in the process of tissue respiration, the synthesis of hemoglobin and other iron porphyrins, pigments of the skin, hair, eyes, affects the functioning of the endocrine glands, has anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. One of the early signs of copper deficiency in the body is the appearance of gray hair, baldness and osteoporosis;
• molybdenum acts as a cofactor of enzymes responsible for detoxification of the body, promotes more effective work of antioxidants, in particular vitamin C, affects the activity of the enzyme xanthine oxidase, which is responsible for purine metabolism (xanthine oxidase contributes to the conversion of purines into uric acid, and its excessive activity indirectly leads to gout);
• nickel has a calming effect on the nervous system, enhances the hypoglycemic effect of insulin, participates in hematopoiesis and respiration;
• tin may have caused the fall of the Great Roman Empire, causing gastrointestinal disorders, visual and mental disorders in Roman soldiers;
• selenium is a geroprotector microelement (a substance that protects against aging), in the human body it stimulates immunity, prevents heart failure and cancer, is necessary for the normal function of the thyroid and pancreas, the nervous system, and reproductive function;
• strontium in small doses prevents the development of caries and osteoporosis, but with excessive intake it disrupts hematopoietic processes and leads to “strontium rickets”;
• rubidium activates the nervous and cardiovascular systems, stimulates hematopoiesis, increases the overall vitality of the body;
• fluorine has a pronounced anti-caries effect, stimulates reparative processes in bone fractures, prevents the development of senile osteoporosis;
• chromium affects lipid metabolism, causes the breakdown of excess fat in the body, which leads to normalization of body weight and prevents obesity, chromium also regulates blood sugar levels, increases insulin activity, and people with high levels of chromium in the body are less prone to diabetes and atherosclerosis;
• zinc participates in protein synthesis, copying of genetic material, hematopoiesis, functioning of the immune and endocrine systems, acts as a cofactor for several hundred zinc-dependent enzymes.