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  • Types of Vascular Bundles: Botanical Comics

    Attention, the doors are closing! Our botanical anime-comics continues its route, and today a true transport adventure awaits you in the lecture-carriage. Hold on tight to your microscopes, as we launch a new humorous tale written in the distinctive style of Pavlo Glazovyi, the legendary Ukrainian master of satire and humor! We present to you…

  • Tangerine

    Tangerine (Mandarin)      Tangerine fruits (Citrus reticulata), analogous to orange fruits, are characterized by a relatively high concentration of ascorbic acid (38.1% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g); however, this concentration is lower than that observed in oranges (59.0% DV). Furthermore, they exhibit a relatively limited profile of other vitamins.    …

  • Lemon

    LEMON (Fruit Pulp and Peel with Zest)       Both the endocarp (pulp) and the exocarp (peel) of the lemon (Citrus limon) are characterized by an exceptional concentration of ascorbic acid (constituting 59.6% and 184.3% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g, respectively). The peel is further distinguished by a significant concentration of…

  • Dogwood

    DOGWOOD (CORNEL)        Dogwood fruits (Cornus mas) are characterized by an exceptional concentration of ascorbic acid (88.6% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g) and contain a significant concentration of folate (folic acid) (12.5%). The mineral profile includes a substantial fraction of macro- and microelements: boron (85.1% DV per 100 g), rubidium…

  • Viburnum

    VIBURNUM (fruit)         Viburnum berries (Viburnum opulus) possess a high concentration of vitamins, specifically ascorbic acid (119.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), vitamin K (phylloquinone) (83.0%), beta-carotene (38.0%), and vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) (13.0%). The mineral profile is characterized by a significant concentration of macro-, micro-, and ultramicroelements: boron (457.0%…

  • Figs

    FIGS (fresh fruit)       Fresh figs (Ficus carica) exhibit a relatively modest vitamin concentration, but are characterized by a significant concentration of specific macro- and microelements: boron (211.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), silicon (170.0%), rubidium (63.0%), chromium (22.0%), cobalt (13.0%), thallium (12.5%), nickel (11.0%), vanadium (10.0%), molybdenum (9.6%), and…

  • Grapefruit

    GRAPEFRUIT      Grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is distinguished by its concentration of ascorbic acid (37.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g). Pink and red cultivars are further characterized by a significant concentration of beta-carotene (12.0%) and the carotenoid lycopene (26.0%). The mineral profile exhibits a high concentration of boron (321.0% DV per…

  • Chokeberry

    CHOKEBERRY (ARONIA)        The fruits of the black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) are characterized by a significant concentration of several vitamins: vitamin K (phylloquinone) (66.7% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), ascorbic acid (58.6%), beta-carotene (48.6%), alpha-tocopherol (10.0%), and pantothenic acid (10.0%).        Aronia berries contain substantial quantities of specific…

  • Grapes

    GRAPES        Grapes (Vitis vinifera) exhibit a relatively limited vitamin profile, with the notable exception of phylloquinone (vitamin K) (12.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g). However, they are characterized by a high concentration of specific mineral elements, within which the predominant constituents are: boron (521.0% DV per 100 g), strontium…

  • Banana

    BANANA        Bananas (Musa acuminata) possess a comprehensive B-complex vitamin profile, with the exclusion of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). They are particularly distinguished by their pyridoxine (vitamin B6) content (19.0% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), as well as biotin (12.0%) and ascorbic acid (10.0%). The fruit is also characterized by a…