Oyster mushrooms

ByОлена Коновалова
OYSTER MUSHROOMS

 

     Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) are characterized by a high concentration of pantothenic acid (25.8% of the Daily Value [DV] per 100 g), nicotinic acid (24.8%), biotin (22.1%), riboflavin (17.5%), ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) (14.0%), and folate (9.5%). The mineral profile includes significant levels of: boron (63.6% DV per 100 g), chromium (40.9%), copper (24.0%), cadmium (18.0%), molybdenum (17.4%), potassium (16.8%), and phosphorus (15.1%). Starch and sucrose are absent from their composition, and oxalic acid is present only in trace amounts.

 

     Oyster mushrooms exhibit a substantial phytosterol content (119.4% DV per 100 g), with ergosterol (74.2%) as the primary constituent. This compound modulates hepatic enzymes, facilitates liver detoxification, and supports the normalization of its physiological functions.

 

     The primary therapeutic value of oyster mushrooms is attributed to the presence of 1,3-beta-D-glucans within their cell walls. These polysaccharides exert immunomodulatory and antitumor effects within the human body (for further details, see Mushrooms). The concentration of 1,3-beta-D-glucans is remarkably high: 139.0 mg per 100 g (for comparison, champignons contain only 1.4 mg per 100 g).

 

     The total purine base content per 100 g of oyster mushrooms constitutes 8.3% of the daily allowance.

 

     It should be noted that oyster mushrooms possess the capacity to accumulate the toxic ultratrace element cadmium (18.0% DV per 100 g).
Calories per 100 g: 33.1 kcal
Water per 100 g: 89.18 g
Ash per 100 g: 1.01 g
 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

 
Vitamins, macro- and microelements, nutrients per 100 g
VITAMINS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers visually
Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 0.13 7.6 10
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 0.35 17.5 20
Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) 1.29 25.8 30
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) 0.1 5 5
Vitamin B9 (folic acid) 38.0 9.5 10
Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) 0.0 0 0
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) 0 0 0
Vitamin E (beta-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, delta-tocopherol) 0 0 0
Vitamin D (ergocalciferol) 0.7 14 10
Vitamin PP (nicotinic acid) 4.9 24.8 30
Biotin 11.04 22.1 20
Beta-carotene 29.0 0 0
Choline 48.7 10.1 10

* Full jug – 100% of the daily norm; empty – 0-1% of the daily norm.

MINERAL ELEMENTS

Macroelements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Potassium 420.0 mg 16.8 20
Calcium 3.0 0.8 0
Silicon 0 0.7 0
Magnesium 18.0 mg 5.1 5
Sodium 18.0 mg 1 0
Sulfur 0.01 0.001 0
Phosphorus 120.0 mg 15.1 20
Chlorine 17.0 mg 0.7 0

 

Trace elements

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Aluminum 180.5-242.4 μg 0.6 0
Boron 35.1-54.0 μg 63.6 60
Barium 15.4-17.1 μg 1 0
Vanadium 1.7 4.3 5
Iron 1.33 mg 8.9 5
Cadmium 0.6-1.2 mcg 18 20
Cobalt 0.02 0.2 0
Manganese 110.0 5.5 5
Copper 240.0 24 20
Molybdenum 12.2 17.4 20
Rubidium 7.1 7.1 10
Selenium 2.6 4.5 5
Strontium 50.4-63.0 μg 7.1 10
Titanium 4.7-6.3 μg 0.6 0
Fluorine 23.9 0.6 0
Chromium 12.7-28.2 μg 40.9 40
Zinc 770.0 6.4 5

 

PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers visually
Total protein content 3.31 4.1 5
Essential amino acid content 1.28 5.9 5
Content of replaceable amino acids 1.76 3.1 5

 

Essential amino acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Valine 0.2 8.0 10
Histidine 0.07 3.3 5
Isoleucine 0.11 5.5 10
Leucine 0.17 3.7 5
Lysine 0.13 3.1 5
Methionine 0.04 1 0
Threonine 0.14 3.8 5
Tryptophan 0.04 4.0 5
Phenylalanine 0.11 3.3 5

 

Replaceable amino acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Alanine 0.2 3.6 5
Arginine 0.18 2.9 5
Aspartic acid 0.3 2.5 5
Glycine 0.13 3.7 5
Glutamic acid 0.6 4.6 5
Proline 0.04 0.9 0
Serine 0.13 1.6 0
Tyrosine 0.08 1.8 0
Cystine 0.03 1.7 0

 

OTHER NITROGEN-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Betaine 12.1 – –

 

FATS AND FATTY ACIDS

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in figures Visually
Total fat content 0.41 1.3 0
Unsaturated fatty acid content 0.315 g 0.8 0
Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acid content 0.002 0.2 0
Omega-6 unsaturated fatty acid content 0.269 g 2.7 5
Saturated fatty acid content 0.087 0.3 0

 

Unsaturated fatty acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product
Palmitoleic C 16:1 (omega-7) 0.002
Oleic C 18:1 (omega-9) 0.04
Linoleic C 18:2 (omega-6) 0.268
Gamma-linolenic C 18:3 (omega-6) 0.001
Stearidonic C 18:4 (omega-3) 0
Gadoleic C 20:1 (omega-11) 0
Arachidic C 20:4 (omega-6) 0
Eicosapentaenoic C 20:5 (omega-3) 0
Erucic acid C 22:1 (omega-9) 0
Clupanoid C 22:5 (omega-3) 0
Docosahexaenoic C 22:6 (omega-3) 0.0
Nervonova C 24:1 (omega-9) 0

 

Saturated fatty acids

 

Acid name Content, g per 100 g of product
Capric acid C 10:0 0.0
Lauric C 12:0 0.001
Myristic acid C 14:0 0.003 g
Palmitic acid C 16:0 0.060
Stearic acid C 18:0 0.015 g
Arachidic C 20:0 0
Behenic C 22:0 0
Lignoceric acid C 24:0 0.002 g

 

Sterols

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers Visually
Total sterols 65.7 119.4 10020
Campesterol 1.0 1.8 0
Ergosterol 40.8 74.2 70
Ergosta-7,22-dienol 8.6 – –
Ergosta-5,7-dienol 10.7 – –
Ergosta-7-enol (fungisterol) 5.5 – –

 

CARBOHYDRATES

 

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily allowance
in numbers Visually
Total carbohydrate content 3.79 1.0 0
Mono- and disaccharides 1.15 2.3 5
1.3-Beta-D-glucans 139 – –
Glucose 1.1 1.1 0
Fructose 0 0 0
Sucrose 0 – –
Starch 0 – –
Fiber 2.3 9 10

PURINE BASES

Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of daily requirement
in numbers Visually
Purine content 10.3 8.3 10
OXALIC ACID
Name Content, mass fraction per 100 g of product % of maximum daily intake
in figures Visually
Oxalic acid content 0.02 0.01 0
OTHER ORGANIC ACIDS

 

Compound name Content, mg per 100 g of product
Total organic acid content 480.8
Malic acid 164.2
Citric acid 232.3
Fumaric acid 36.9
 
POLYPHENOLS

 

Compound name Content, mg per 100 g of product
Phenolic acids
Protocatechuic acid 27.4
p-Hydroxybenzoic acid 39.1
Gallic acid 0.03
Cinnamic acid derivatives
Synapic acid 22.9
Cinnamic acid 11.8
Ferulic acid 5
Flavonoids
Total flavonoid content in terms of quercetin 4.8
Tannins
Condensed tannins 15.7
 
Units of measurement:
Teacup: 250.0 g of oyster mushrooms
Faceted cup: 200.0 g of oyster mushrooms
Teaspoon: 7.0 g of oyster mushrooms
Tablespoon: 20.0 g of oyster mushrooms

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